Comparative review of credit ratings

Given that Moody's Investors Service and Standard & Poor's use different rating grading, Table 1 provides the comparative review of both sovereign credit ratings.

Credit ratings issued by both agencies distinguish between several categories relevant to credit rating and credit risk criteria graded using letters A through C, or D to that effect. Each credit rating category includes rating grades depending on the actual appraisal of the country's position, whether it is strong, average or rather poor. In so doing, to rate these specific grades the Moody's Investors Service uses numeric grades, while the Standard & Poor's uses plus (+) or minus (-) grades.

Both credit rating agencies provide outlooks in terms of trends that specific rating might report in future. Outlook is rated by using a descriptive rate, including positive, stabile, negative and developing outlook. Positive outlook means that a credit rating could be upgraded, stable means that a rating probably would not be changed, negative outlook means that a rating could be downgraded and developing outlook (contingent upon an event) means that a rating could be upgraded, downgraded or affirmed.

Table 1: Comparative review of rating grades
Moody's Investors ServiceStandard & Poor'sBrief description of rating category
Investment grade
Aaa AAA Highest quality credit rating, minimum degree of risk
Aa1
Aa2
Aa3
AA+
AA
AA-
High quality credit rating, very low credit risk
A1
A2
A3
A+
A
A-
Upper-medium credit rating, low credit risk
Baa1
Baa2
Baa3
BBB+
BBB
BBB-
Medium credit rating, moderate credit risk
Non-investment (speculative) grade
Ba1
Ba2
Ba3
BB+
BB
BB-
Credit rating with speculative characteristics, substantial credit risk
B1
B2 
B3
B+
B
B-
Credit rating speculative, high credit risk
Caa1
Caa2
Caa3
CCC+
CCC
CCC-
Poor credit rating, very high credit risk
Ca
C
CC
C
SD
D
Highly speculative credit rating, likelihood of obligations default, selective default, default
Source: Bloomberg, Moody's Investors Service, Standard & Poor's


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